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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

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A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
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Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

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Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
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Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

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Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
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Complementary DNA01:44

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Complementary DNA01:44

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion
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Depletion of Specific Cell Populations by Complement Depletion

Published on: February 5, 2010

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All Things Complement.

Joshua M Thurman1, Carla M Nester2,3

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN
|June 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement cascade plays a key role in immune responses and kidney disease pathogenesis. Understanding its role in glomerular diseases is crucial for developing targeted complement inhibitor therapies.

Keywords:
Complement ActivationComplement Inactivating AgentsComplement System ProteinsHumansKidney DiseasesKidney Glomerulusclinical immunologycomplementglomerular diseaseglomerulonephritisimmune complexeslupus nephritis

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Measuring the 50% Haemolytic Complement CH50 Activity of Serum
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Functional Complementation Analysis FCA: A Laboratory Exercise Designed and Implemented to Supplement the Teaching of Biochemical Pathways
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Functional Complementation Analysis FCA: A Laboratory Exercise Designed and Implemented to Supplement the Teaching of Biochemical Pathways

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • The complement (C) cascade is a critical component of the immune system, involved in both innate and adaptive immunity.
  • While generally protective, C system activation is increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of various glomerular diseases, including lupus nephritis and C3 glomerulopathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expanding understanding of complement system involvement in kidney disease.
  • To highlight the unique susceptibility of the glomerulus to complement-mediated injury.
  • To discuss the therapeutic implications of complement inhibitors in nephrology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental and clinical evidence.
  • Analysis of complement pathway activation in glomerular diseases.
  • Discussion of current and developing complement inhibitory drugs.

Main Results:

  • The complement system is implicated in diverse glomerular diseases through classic and alternative pathway activation.
  • The glomerulus exhibits unique susceptibility to complement-mediated injury, though mechanisms require further investigation.
  • Complement inhibitors are approved and in development for clinical use.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system is a significant factor in glomerular disease development and progression.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of glomerular susceptibility to complement.
  • Complement inhibition represents a promising therapeutic strategy for kidney diseases, with ongoing studies to define its benefits and limitations.