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In vitro studies on the pleotropic antidiabetic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles
Swati C Asani1, Rinku D Umrani1, Kishore M Paknikar1
1Department of Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, Maharashtra, India.
Aim:
Our earlier study demonstrated antidiabetic activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON) in diabetic rats. The present study was performed to elucidate its mechanism of antidiabetic action.
Methods:
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, protein kinase B and hormone sensitive lipase phosphorylation; glucose transporter 4 translocation and glucose uptake; glucose 6 phosphatase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase and glucokinase expression; and pancreatic beta cell proliferation were evaluated after ZON treatment to cells.
Result:
ZON treatment resulted in PKB activation, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inactivation, increased glucose transporter 4 translocation and enhanced glucose uptake, decreased glucose 6 phosphatase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase expression, hormone sensitive lipase inactivation and pancreatic beta cell proliferation.
Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time, pleiotropic antidiabetic effects of ZON viz. improved insulin signaling, enhanced glucose uptake, decreased hepatic glucose output, decreased lipolysis and enhanced pancreatic beta cell mass.
Insights
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON) show antidiabetic effects by improving insulin signaling and glucose uptake. This study reveals ZON
Area of Science:
- Nanomedicine
- Biochemistry
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Previous research indicated antidiabetic activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON) in diabetic rats.
- The precise mechanisms underlying ZON's antidiabetic effects require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the antidiabetic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON).
Main Methods:
- Evaluated the impact of ZON on key proteins and pathways involved in glucose metabolism and insulin signaling.
- Assessed protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and protein kinase B (PKB) phosphorylation.
- Measured glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation and glucose uptake.
- Quantified the expression of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).
- Assessed pancreatic beta-cell proliferation and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) activity.
Main Results:
- ZON treatment activated PKB, inactivated PTP1B, and increased GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake.
- ZON reduced G6Pase and PEPCK expression, indicating decreased hepatic glucose production.
- ZON treatment led to HSL inactivation and promoted pancreatic beta-cell proliferation.
Conclusions:
- Zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibit pleiotropic antidiabetic effects, including improved insulin signaling, enhanced glucose uptake, reduced hepatic glucose output, and decreased lipolysis.
- ZON also promotes pancreatic beta-cell proliferation, contributing to its overall antidiabetic efficacy.
- This study provides novel insights into the multifaceted mechanisms of ZON as a potential antidiabetic agent.
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