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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
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Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids

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Peptides for nucleic acid delivery.

Taavi Lehto1, Kariem Ezzat2, Matthew J A Wood3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden; Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|June 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) enhance the delivery of gene therapies like nucleic acids and oligonucleotide analogs. These CPP-based systems show promise for overcoming bioavailability challenges and advancing clinical translation of nucleic acid therapeutics.

Keywords:
Antisense oligonucleotidesCell-penetrating peptidesDelivery peptidesNanoparticlesNucleic acid deliveryOligonucleotidesSplice-switching oligonucleotidessiRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Gene Therapy
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Nucleic acids and oligonucleotide (ON) analogs are promising gene therapeutics.
  • Limited bioavailability in target tissues/cells hinders their clinical translation.
  • Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) offer a solution for efficient delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in nucleic acid and ON analog delivery using CPPs.
  • To discuss strategies for vectorization with CPPs.
  • To highlight the potential of CPPs in overcoming delivery barriers for gene therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of the latest research on CPP-mediated delivery of nucleic acids and ON analogs.
  • Analysis of two primary vectorization strategies: covalent conjugation and nanoparticle formation.
  • Review of studies in cell culture and animal models demonstrating CPP efficacy.

Main Results:

  • CPPs facilitate efficient delivery of nucleic acids and ON analogs.
  • Both covalent conjugation and nanoparticle formation are viable CPP vectorization strategies.
  • CPP-based delivery has been validated in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Conclusions:

  • CPP-based drug delivery systems can surmount bioavailability limitations.
  • These systems hold significant potential for advancing the clinical application of nucleic acid-based therapeutics.
  • CPPs are a key enabling technology for the future of gene therapy.