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Prevalence and clinical profile of fungal rhinosinusitis

Sandeep Suresh1, Dayanand Arumugam, George Zacharias

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Allergy & Rhinology (Providence, R.I.)
|June 29, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Fungal rhinosinusitis affects 30% of patients, with Mucor being the most common cause. Pathologic examination is more sensitive than microbiology for diagnosis, and unilateral sinus involvement suggests fungal etiology.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Limited landmark studies on fungal rhinosinusitis in the Indian subcontinent exist.
  • Clinician awareness of diverse fungal rhinosinusitis presentations is low.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine the prevalence and etiology of fungal rhinosinusitis.
  • Characterize clinical, radiologic, and microscopic features.
  • Evaluate treatment modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective evaluation of 100 chronic rhinosinusitis patients.
  • Microbiology and pathology examination of specimens.
  • Statistical analysis using Pearson chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of fungal rhinosinusitis was 30% (30/100 patients).
  • Mucor was the most common isolate (50%).
  • Pathology (76.67%) showed higher sensitivity than microbiology (50%) for diagnosis.
  • Fungus ball (46.6%) and invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (40%) were prevalent.
  • Higher prevalence in immunocompetent individuals (56.6%).

Conclusions:

  • Unilateral paranasal sinus involvement suggests fungal etiology.
  • Mucor species infections were associated with more complications.
  • Mucormycosis occurred frequently in immunocompetent individuals in this study.

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