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Rapid Intravenous Rehydration to Correct Dehydration and Resolve Vomiting in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

Anoush Azarfar1, Yalda Ravanshad1, Aghillolah Keykhosravi1

  • 1Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine
|June 30, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Rapid intravenous rehydration effectively resolves vomiting in children with acute gastroenteritis, reducing emergency department admissions. This approach aids in quicker recovery for pediatric patients experiencing dehydration.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Acute gastroenteritis is a common cause of vomiting and dehydration in children.
  • Oral rehydration therapy is often insufficient for moderately dehydrated children with persistent vomiting.
  • Prompt intervention is crucial to prevent complications and reduce healthcare resource utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of rapid intravenous rehydration in resolving vomiting among children with acute gastroenteritis.
  • To compare the outcomes of rapid intravenous rehydration versus standard emergency department observation for hydration.
  • To determine the impact of rapid intravenous rehydration on pediatric emergency department admission rates.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 150 children with acute gastroenteritis, moderate dehydration, and vomiting unresponsive to oral rehydration.
  • The intervention group received 20-30 cc/kg of crystalloid solution intravenously over 2 hours.
  • The control group received standard 24-hour hydration management in the emergency department.

Main Results:

  • Vomiting resolved in 63 of 75 children (84%) receiving rapid intravenous rehydration, leading to their discharge.
  • Among those treated with rapid IV rehydration, 12 children who could not tolerate oral fluids were admitted.
  • In the control group, vomiting resolved within 4 hours for 62 patients, with no significant difference in vomiting resolution between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid intravenous rehydration is an effective strategy for resolving vomiting in children with moderate dehydration due to gastroenteritis.
  • This intervention significantly reduces the need for emergency department admissions in pediatric patients.
  • Faster resolution of vomiting through rapid IV fluids can improve patient outcomes and streamline emergency care.
Abstract

Keywords:
Emergency departmentgastroenteritisrehydrationvomiting

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