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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

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Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
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Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis.

Liesl Grobler1, Sukrti Nagpal, Thambu D Sudarsanam

  • 1Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Tygerberg, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa, 8000.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
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Oral nutritional supplements likely improve weight gain for tuberculosis patients, but evidence for improved mortality or cure rates is insufficient. Routine supplementation above recommended daily amounts shows no reliable clinical benefits for tuberculosis treatment outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) and malnutrition share a complex, bidirectional relationship, impacting disease progression and immune function.
  • Nutritional deficiencies can exacerbate TB, while TB increases metabolic demands and reduces intake, leading to undernutrition.
  • Currently, evidence-based nutritional guidance for TB patients is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of oral nutritional supplements in individuals undergoing antitubercular drug therapy for active tuberculosis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing oral nutritional supplements with no intervention, placebo, or dietary advice.
  • Searched multiple databases including Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and clinical trial registries.
  • Assessed primary outcomes of all-cause death and cure rates at six and 12 months, using risk ratios and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-five trials with 8283 participants were included. Macronutrient supplementation likely leads to modest weight gain but showed insufficient evidence for improved mortality or cure rates.
  • Micronutrient supplementation had little to no effect on mortality in HIV-negative or HIV-positive individuals not on antiretroviral therapy.
  • While supplementation may increase plasma levels of certain micronutrients (e.g., zinc, vitamin D), this has not translated into clinically significant benefits for TB treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Insufficient research exists to confirm if free food or energy supplements improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes, though they may enhance weight gain.
  • Despite potential micronutrient deficiencies in TB patients, routine supplementation beyond recommended daily allowances lacks reliable evidence of clinical benefit.