Elevated position of the irrigation outflow during arthroscopy: an experimental study

The purpose of this study was to investigate different types of irrigation systems and to record pressures and flows in a joint model. Gravity inflow and three different pumps were compared, and the level of the outflow in relation to the model was tested. Flow rates of 100-200 ml/min and pressures ranging from negative to 100 mm Hg were found. There were minor differences between the irrigation systems, mainly concerning safety aspects. Elevated position of the outflow could be of value in controlling and optimizing pressures and flows during arthroscopy.