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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro
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Practice and Educational Gaps in Abnormal Pigmentation.

Tasneem F Mohammad1, Iltefat H Hamzavi1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, 3031 West Grand Boulevard, Suite 800, Detroit, MI, USA.

Dermatologic Clinics
|July 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Abnormal skin pigmentation, or dyschromia, is common in dermatology. This review addresses educational and practice gaps in treating melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and vitiligo, offering solutions for improved patient care.

Keywords:
DyschromiaEducationHyperpigmentationHypopigmentationMelasmaPostinflammatory hyperpigmentationTreatmentVitiligo

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pigmentary disorders

Background:

  • Dyschromia, characterized by abnormal skin pigmentation, is a frequent dermatological diagnosis.
  • Significant educational and practice gaps exist concerning specific dyschromias like melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and vitiligo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the gold standard treatments for common dyschromias.
  • To identify prevalent educational and practice gaps in managing these conditions.
  • To propose solutions for addressing identified gaps in dermatological care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current treatment guidelines.
  • Analysis of common challenges in clinical practice and education.
  • Synthesis of expert recommendations and proposed interventions.

Main Results:

  • Established gold standards of care for melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and vitiligo.
  • Detailed outline of common knowledge and skill deficits among practitioners.
  • A framework for educational and practice improvement strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing educational and practice gaps is crucial for optimizing dyschromia management.
  • Implementing proposed solutions can enhance patient outcomes for pigmentary disorders.
  • Continuous learning and standardized practices are essential in dermatology.