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Related Concept Videos

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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Transition Zone01:28

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The transition zone in concrete is a critical area where aggregate meets cement paste, marked by a distinct porosity and weakness compared to the surrounding material. The adhesion around the aggregates is primarily due to Van Der Waals forces. The voids within this zone influence its robustness; initially, it is less durable than the surrounding bulk mortar due to larger voids. Initially, when concrete is compacted, a higher water-cement ratio near the aggregates leads to the formation of...
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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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Studying Wnt Signaling During Patterning of Conducting Airways
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Wnt activity is associated with cementum-type transition.

C-H Bae1, H Choi1, H-K You2

  • 1Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, South Korea.

Journal of Periodontal Research
|July 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Wnt signaling influences cementum type, transforming acellular cementum into cellular cementum. This indicates cementum type is not fixed by location but can change during tooth root development.

Keywords:
Wnt signalingacellular cementumcellular cementumcementum-type transition

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Cellular and acellular cementum have distinct characteristics, but their relationship and formation are not fully understood.
  • Wnt signaling is hypothesized to play a role in determining cementum type.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Wnt signaling in cementum type determination.
  • To analyze Wnt activity along the tooth root and cementum formation in genetic models.

Main Methods:

  • Generated genetic mutant models with altered Wnt signaling (upregulation and downregulation).
  • Utilized ectonucleotide diphosphatase/phosphodiesterase (Enpp1) mutant models.
  • Performed histological analysis, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Cementum type in the apical root region shifts from cellular to acellular during formation, with retained cellular cementum in areas of high Wnt activity.
  • Wnt upregulation led to cellular cementum formation in the cervical regions.
  • Enpp1 mutants exhibited distinct cellular-type cementum despite increased matrix.
  • Acellular cementum formation could be converted to cellular type in Wnt-upregulated and compound mutants.

Conclusions:

  • Cementum type is not predetermined by location.
  • Wnt signaling activity can alter and transform cementum type during formation.