Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 18, 2026
11:10
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice
Published on: November 16, 2011
96.1K
A STUDY OF HYPERINSULINAEMIA AND DYSLIPIDAEMIA IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS OF ARMED FORCES
A S Kasthuri1, S Kumar2, B L Somani3
1Commandant, 158 Base Hospital, C/o 99 APO.
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|July 2, 2016
Summary
Hypertension is linked to higher insulin levels, obesity, and abnormal lipid profiles. Both ACE inhibitors and beta blockers effectively reduced insulin levels in hypertensive patients.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Syndrome
Background:
- Hypertension is a significant global health concern.
- Associated metabolic abnormalities like hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia are common in hypertensive patients.
- Understanding these correlations is crucial for comprehensive patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and anthropometric characteristics in hypertensive individuals.
- To evaluate the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and beta-blockers on serum insulin levels in hypertensive patients.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study comparing 85 hypertensive patients (BP ≥ 160/90 mm Hg) with 94 normotensive controls (BP < 130/85 mm Hg).
- Clinical examination, anthropometric measurements (BMI, WHR, SFT), and laboratory tests including serum insulin, glucose, and lipid profiles.
- Post-oral glucose load (POGL) insulin and glucose levels were assessed.
- Randomized trial of 51 patients treated with enalapril (ACEI) or atenolol (beta-blocker) for two months.
Main Results:
- Hypertensive patients exhibited significantly higher fasting and POGL insulin levels compared to controls.
- Increased BMI, WHR, and SFT were more prevalent in the hypertensive group.
- Abnormal lipid profiles, particularly elevated Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), and TC/HDL ratio, were significantly more frequent in hypertensives.
- Higher insulin levels correlated with obesity and abnormal lipid profiles.
- Both enalapril and atenolol demonstrated similar efficacy in reducing serum insulin levels.
Conclusions:
- Hypertension is strongly associated with hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and specific anthropometric profiles.
- Obesity and dyslipidemia are key factors linked to elevated insulin levels in hypertensive individuals.
- Pharmacological interventions with ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers are effective in managing hyperinsulinemia in hypertensive patients, with comparable efficacy observed between the two drug classes.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
1.1K
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
1.1K
01:30Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
708
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
708
01:15Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
1.2K
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
1.2K
01:21Drug Dosing: Obese Patients
332
In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
332
01:18Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
4.7K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
4.7K
01:28Special considerations while measuring blood pressure
1.4K
When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
1.4K