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Outbreak of Meningococcal Infection amongst Soldiers Deployed in Operations
A S Kushwaha1, S K Aggarwal2, M M Arora3
1Reader (Dept of Community Medicine), AFMC Pune-40.
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|July 2, 2016
Summary
An outbreak of meningococcal infection in Indian soldiers was controlled using mass chemoprophylaxis. This strategy proved effective in preventing further spread of the disease during a counter-insurgency operation.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Meningococcal infection poses a severe threat, potentially causing meningitis and sepsis.
- While sporadic cases occur in soldiers, no prior outbreaks were documented in India.
- This study addresses an outbreak in soldiers during a counter-insurgency operation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and control an outbreak of meningococcal infection in soldiers.
- To identify predisposing factors and emphasize early diagnosis and management.
- To evaluate control measures in a field setting without vaccine availability.
Main Methods:
- Epidemiological investigation and outbreak control measures were implemented.
- Mass chemoprophylaxis was administered to contacts.
- Early diagnosis and case management were prioritized.
Main Results:
- A total of 17 cases were reported, including 14 with meningitis and 3 with meningococcemia.
- Serogroup A of Neisseria meningitidis was identified as the causative agent.
- Overcrowding was identified as a significant predisposing factor, and two fatalities occurred.
Conclusions:
- The meningococcal infection outbreak in soldiers was successfully contained.
- Mass chemoprophylaxis was an effective control measure in the absence of a vaccine.
- The operational commitment of the soldiers was maintained during the outbreak control.
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