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Outbreak of Meningococcal Infection amongst Soldiers Deployed in Operations

A S Kushwaha1, S K Aggarwal2, M M Arora3

  • 1Reader (Dept of Community Medicine), AFMC Pune-40.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|July 2, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

An outbreak of meningococcal infection in Indian soldiers was controlled using mass chemoprophylaxis. This strategy proved effective in preventing further spread of the disease during a counter-insurgency operation.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Meningococcal infection poses a severe threat, potentially causing meningitis and sepsis.
  • While sporadic cases occur in soldiers, no prior outbreaks were documented in India.
  • This study addresses an outbreak in soldiers during a counter-insurgency operation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and control an outbreak of meningococcal infection in soldiers.
  • To identify predisposing factors and emphasize early diagnosis and management.
  • To evaluate control measures in a field setting without vaccine availability.

Main Methods:

  • Epidemiological investigation and outbreak control measures were implemented.
  • Mass chemoprophylaxis was administered to contacts.
  • Early diagnosis and case management were prioritized.

Main Results:

  • A total of 17 cases were reported, including 14 with meningitis and 3 with meningococcemia.
  • Serogroup A of Neisseria meningitidis was identified as the causative agent.
  • Overcrowding was identified as a significant predisposing factor, and two fatalities occurred.

Conclusions:

  • The meningococcal infection outbreak in soldiers was successfully contained.
  • Mass chemoprophylaxis was an effective control measure in the absence of a vaccine.
  • The operational commitment of the soldiers was maintained during the outbreak control.
Keywords:
MeningitisMeningococcal infectionOutbreakSoldier

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