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Early Changes in the Serotype Distribution of Invasive Pneumococcal Isolates from Children after the Introduction of

Eun Young Cho1, Eun Hwa Choi2, Jin Han Kang3

  • 1Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.

Journal of Korean Medical Science
|July 2, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) were introduced in Korea, leading to initial dominance of serotype 19A in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children. Over time, 19A decreased, with non-vaccine serotypes becoming more prevalent, necessitating ongoing monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remains a significant concern in children worldwide.
  • The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has altered the epidemiology of IPD.
  • Understanding serotype distribution changes post-vaccination is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate early changes in pneumococcal serotype distribution in children with IPD in Korea following the introduction of 10- and 13-valent PCVs.
  • To identify the most prevalent serotypes causing IPD in the post-vaccine era.
  • To assess the impact of PCVs on serotype replacement.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-center study was conducted across 25 hospitals in Korea from January 2011 to December 2013.
  • Pneumococci were isolated from children diagnosed with IPD.
  • Serotyping was performed using the Quellung reaction, and serotype distribution was analyzed over the 3-year period.

Main Results:

  • A total of 75 IPD cases were analyzed, with 80% of patients aged 3-59 months.
  • Serotype 19A was the most common serotype (32.0%), followed by 10A (8.0%) and 15C (6.7%).
  • While serotype 19A showed a decreasing trend, non-PCV13 serotypes increased in prevalence over the study period.

Conclusions:

  • Shortly after PCV introduction in Korea, serotype 19A remained the leading cause of pediatric IPD.
  • A subsequent decrease in serotype 19A was observed, alongside an emergence of non-vaccine serotypes.
  • Continuous surveillance of vaccine impact and serotype dynamics is essential.

Keywords:
Pneumococcal VaccinesSerotypeStreptococcus pneumoniae

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