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Related Experiment Video

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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Wideband reflectance in Down syndrome.

Jordana Costa Soares1, Juliana Granja Urosas1, Karenina Santos Calarga1

  • 1School of Medicine (FMUSP)- Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|July 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) measurements show potential for diagnosing middle ear issues in children with Down syndrome (DS). While abnormal middle ear status in DS children correlated with higher energy reflectance (ER) values, further research is needed.

Keywords:
Down syndromeEnergy reflectanceHearing testsMiddle earWideband acoustic immittanceWideband reflectance

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Children with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit a high prevalence of middle ear disorders and congenital ear abnormalities.
  • Wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) offers a more efficient and broader frequency range assessment of middle ear function compared to traditional tympanometry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare WAI measurements in children with DS against those in typically developing children.
  • To evaluate the utility of WAI in identifying middle ear pathologies in the DS population based on tympanometric findings.

Main Methods:

  • Four groups of children with DS, categorized by tympanometric findings (normal, flat, mild/severe negative pressure), were assessed.
  • Energy reflectance (ER) was measured using a chirp stimulus across 200–6,000 Hz, alongside 226-Hz tympanometry.
  • Data were compared with a control group of healthy children.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant differences in ER curves were found between some groups.
  • A negative correlation was observed between static acoustic admittance and ER at 500 and 1,000 Hz.
  • Discriminant analysis using ER at 1,000 and 1,600 Hz achieved 59.52% correct classification for participants with DS.

Conclusions:

  • Children with DS and abnormal middle ear status showed higher ER values than controls and DS children with normal tympanograms.
  • WAI demonstrates promise as a clinical tool for assessing middle ear disorders in children with DS.
  • Further studies with larger sample sizes and narrower age ranges are recommended.