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Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in children with sleep-disordered breathing
J Wasilewska1, M Klukowski1, K Debkowska2
1Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Allergology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Insights
Children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) show no increased risk of chronic Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection compared to other pediatric conditions. HP infection seroprevalence did not correlate with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Sleep Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Chronic Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is a suspected contributing factor to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).
- Understanding the relationship between HP infection and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the seroprevalence of HP infection in children diagnosed with SDB.
- To assess the association between HP seropositivity and the severity of OSAS in pediatric patients.
- To compare HP prevalence in SDB patients with that in children suffering from other common chronic pediatric conditions.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving overnight polysomnography (PSG) with pH-metry was conducted between 2008 and 2011.
- OSAS severity was categorized based on the Obstructive Apnea Index (OAI): primary snoring (OAI < 1/hour), mild-moderate OSAS (OAI: 1-5/hour), and severe OSAS (OAI ≥ 5/hour).
- HP IgG seropositivity was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 115 SDB patients and 387 children in a reference group.
Main Results:
- HP seropositivity rates were similar between the SDB group (10.4%) and the reference group (11.6%).
- No significant differences in PSG parameters, acid reflux, age, sex, BMI-z score, or hematological indices were observed between HP-positive and HP-negative SDB patients.
- HP seropositivity did not vary significantly across different OSAS severity groups (primary snoring, mild-moderate OSAS, severe OSAS).
Conclusions:
- Children with SDB do not exhibit a higher predisposition to chronic HP infection compared to children with other common chronic pediatric conditions.
- HP seropositivity does not appear to influence the severity of OSAS in pediatric patients.
- While not directly linked to OSAS severity, the possibility of HP infection warrants consideration on an individual basis in children with SDB.
Objective:
Chronic Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is considered to be a factor involved in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). This cross-sectional study examined the seroprevalence of HP in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in respect to OSAS severity and in reference to other common pediatric medical conditions.
Methods:
Overnight polysomnography with pH-metry (PSG) was performed at a Sleep Laboratory (in the years 2008-2011). OSAS severity was determined based on Obstructive Apnea Index (OAI). Subjects were classified into primary snoring group (OAI < 1/hours), mild - moderate OSAS (OAI: 1-5/hour), and severe OSAS (OAI: ≥5/hour). HP IgG was tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the SDB (n = 115) and reference (n = 387) groups [reference group consisted of 4 subgroups based on ICD-10 diagnoses encompassing conditions affecting the skin, respiratory system, food hypersensitivity, and gastrointestinal tract]. Analyses were performed by nonparametric statistical tests.
Results:
HP seropositivity was 10.4% (12/115) in the SDB group and 11.6% (45/387) in the reference group. HP positive and negative subjects did not differ in PSG, acid gastro-esophageal reflux index nor in age, sex, nutritional status (BMI-z score), and hematological indices in the SDB group. Seropositivity was found in 16.7% of the primary snoring group, 10.2% of mild-moderate OSAS, and in 11.1% of severe OSAS (chi(2) p = 0.832).
Conclusions:
Children with SDB are not more predisposed to a chronic HP infection than children with other common chronic pediatric conditions. HP seropositivity does not influence OSAS severity but possible infection should none-the-less be considered on a case-by-case basis.
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