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Complement research in the 18th-21st centuries: Progress comes with new technology.

R B Sim1, W Schwaeble1, T Fujita2

  • 1Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.

Immunobiology
|July 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system, a key immune pathway, has seen rapid advancements due to new technologies. Research now focuses on its roles in disease and potential therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
Alternative pathwayComplementHistoryInnate immunityLectin pathway

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The complement system, a crucial part of innate immunity, has been a focus of research for over a century.
  • Technological advancements, including protein chromatography, electrophoresis, and DNA sequencing, have significantly accelerated our understanding of this complex system.

Observation:

  • Modern techniques like NMR and X-ray crystallography have enabled the determination of structures for most complement proteins.
  • Discoveries since 1990 include new lectin pathway proteins and strong associations between complement Factor H, C3, and Factor B variants with diseases like macular degeneration and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Findings:

  • The development of anti-C5 monoclonal antibody therapy for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome marks a significant therapeutic breakthrough.
  • Research highlights the involvement of complement system components in various pathological conditions.

Implications:

  • Emerging roles for the complement system in tissue development are being explored.
  • The ongoing search for novel complement-targeted therapeutics indicates a dynamic and promising future for this field of research.