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Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Intravascular lymphoma mimicking multiple sclerosis.

Grzegorz Kloc1, Małgorzata Budziak1, Agnieszka Więckiewicz1

  • 1Clinical Department of Neurology, Rzeszow State Hospital No 2, Rzeszow, Poland.

Neurologia I Neurochirurgia Polska
|July 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A patient initially diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis was later found to have intravascular B-cell lymphoma. This rare condition requires biopsy for definitive diagnosis in cases of unknown central nervous system damage.

Keywords:
Intravascular lymphomaMultiple sclerosisRelapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) diagnosis relies on temporal and spatial dissemination of neurological symptoms or MRI findings, excluding other conditions.
  • Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare malignancy affecting small and medium-sized blood vessels, often presenting with non-specific symptoms.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with neurological symptoms and MRI findings consistent with RRMS, receiving immunomodulatory treatment.
  • The clinical course and diagnostic workup did not definitively confirm RRMS, prompting further investigation.

Findings:

  • The patient was ultimately diagnosed with intravascular B-cell lymphoma, a rare condition characterized by neoplastic cells within blood vessels.
  • Diagnosis of IVL is challenging due to the absence of specific biomarkers, necessitating histopathological examination via biopsy.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare diagnoses like IVL in patients with central nervous system damage of unknown etiology.
  • The diagnostic challenges underscore the need for a high index of suspicion and thorough histopathological evaluation for IVL.