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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
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Biological macromolecules are organic compounds, predominantly composed of carbon atoms. The carbon atoms are covalently bonded with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other minor elements. There are four major biological macromolecule classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
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Biosynthetic Polymers as Functional Materials.

Andrea S Carlini1, Lisa Adamiak1, Nathan C Gianneschi1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.

Macromolecules
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional biosynthetic polymers are advancing biomedicine and biotechnology. Recent innovations address limitations in polymer architecture, dynamics, and stabilization for improved biomolecule integration.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Decades of research have yielded diverse polymerization and bioconjugation techniques for functional polymers.
  • Applications in biomedicine and biotechnology leverage synthetic and natural biomolecules.
  • Current limitations include polymer architecture control, structural dynamics, and biostabilization.

Approach:

  • This perspective reviews recent advancements in functional biosynthetic polymers.
  • Focuses on innovative strategies developed within the last five years.
  • Highlights solutions to overcome existing barriers in the field.

Key Points:

  • Significant progress has been made in controlling polymer architecture.
  • New methods enhance the understanding and manipulation of polymer structural dynamics.
  • Improved biostabilization techniques are increasing the utility of these polymers.
  • Cooperative use of synthetic and natural biomolecules is expanding.

Conclusions:

  • Recent innovations are overcoming key limitations in functional polymer synthesis.
  • These advancements promise to enhance the impact of biosynthetic polymers in biomedicine and biotechnology.
  • The field is moving towards more sophisticated and stable biomaterial designs.