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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

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Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
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Protein Dynamics in Living Cells

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Different fluorescence-based techniques are used to study the protein dynamics in living cells. These techniques include FRAP, FRET, and PET.
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...
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2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
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2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

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Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
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¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
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Dual-Color Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy to Study Protein-Protein Interaction and Protein Dynamics in Live Cells
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Second harmonic generation correlation spectroscopy for characterizing translationally diffusing protein

Ximeng Y Dow1, Christopher M Dettmar1, Emma L DeWalt1

  • 1Chemistry Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Structural Biology
|July 6, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Second harmonic generation correlation spectroscopy (SHG-CS) offers a novel, non-damaging method for characterizing protein nanocrystals and nanoparticles. This technique accurately determines size distribution and distinguishes ordered crystals from aggregates.

Keywords:
XFELcorrelation spectroscopyprotein nanocrystalssecond harmonic generationsize distribution

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Materials science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Characterizing nanocrystals is crucial for understanding their properties.
  • Traditional methods like SEM can be destructive or lack specificity.
  • Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical phenomenon sensitive to crystal order.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate Second Harmonic Generation Correlation Spectroscopy (SHG-CS) for nanocrystal characterization.
  • To develop an analytical model for SHG-CS, accounting for optical scattering forces.
  • To assess SHG-CS's ability to determine size distribution and distinguish ordered nanocrystals.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel line-scanning SHG-CS approach to prevent sample damage.
  • Creation of an analytical model for autocorrelation with optical scattering correction.
  • Application of SHG-CS to BaTiO3 nanoparticles and photosystem I nanocrystals.
  • Comparison of SHG-CS results with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) data.

Main Results:

  • SHG-CS successfully recovered size distributions for BaTiO3 nanoparticles and photosystem I nanocrystals.
  • Results showed good agreement with SEM measurements.
  • SHG-CS effectively differentiated ordered nanocrystals from amorphous aggregates.
  • The technique provided inherent hyperpolarizability per unit volume of SHG-active nanoparticles.

Conclusions:

  • SHG-CS is a powerful, non-destructive technique for nanocrystal characterization.
  • The method offers high sensitivity to crystal order and domain structure.
  • SHG-CS complements existing techniques like SEM and X-ray diffraction.