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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
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Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
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Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

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The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
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The action potential is a complex electrical event that occurs in excitable cells, such as neurons and muscle cells. It consists of several distinct phases, each with specific characteristics.
Resting Phase:
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Routes of Drug Administration: Overview01:22

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Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
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Go to the top for rapid action.

Sharon Mason1

  • 1Practitioner from Manchester.

Nursing Standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987)
|July 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Healthcare professionals face challenges reporting patient safety concerns. Direct communication with chief executives may be necessary when initial reporting channels are ineffective.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Management
  • Patient Safety
  • Organizational Communication

Background:

  • Effective communication is crucial for patient safety in healthcare settings.
  • Healthcare professionals may encounter barriers when reporting patient safety issues through standard channels.
  • Previous attempts to address patient safety concerns with a matron were unsuccessful.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the experiences of healthcare professionals reporting patient safety concerns.
  • To investigate the effectiveness of escalating concerns to chief executives.
  • To understand the reasons behind bypassing immediate supervisors for safety issues.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative study involving narrative accounts from healthcare professionals.

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  • Analysis of communication strategies employed when patient safety concerns arise.
  • Examination of organizational responses to reported safety issues.

    • Main Results:

    • Direct communication with chief executives was initiated due to a lack of resolution through a matron.
    • Patient safety concerns were the primary driver for seeking higher-level intervention.
    • The study highlights a potential gap in the established patient safety reporting mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • Healthcare professionals may resort to direct communication with chief executives when standard reporting fails.
    • Organizational structures should facilitate open and effective reporting of patient safety concerns.
    • Addressing patient safety requires responsive and accessible leadership.