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Tissue dissolution and modifications in dentin composition by different sodium hypochlorite concentrations.

Talita Tartari1, Luciano Bachmann2, Amanda Garcia Alves Maliza1

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Higher sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) concentrations and longer exposure times increase tissue dissolution and dentin collagen deproteination. NaOCl also removes some carbonate ions from dentin's inorganic phase.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a widely used irrigant in endodontics.
  • Its tissue-dissolving properties are crucial for cleaning root canals.
  • Understanding its effects on dentin composition is vital for clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying NaOCl concentrations and immersion times on organic matter dissolution.
  • To analyze the resulting changes in the chemical composition of dentin.
  • To quantify collagen deproteination and inorganic phase alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Bovine dentin fragments were exposed to different NaOCl concentrations (1%, 2.5%, 5%) and saline.
  • Attenuated Total Reflectance of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to analyze dentin composition over time.
  • Ratios of amide III/phosphate and carbonate/phosphate were calculated to assess organic and inorganic changes.

Main Results:

  • Increased NaOCl concentration and exposure time significantly enhanced organic matter and collagen dissolution, indicated by a lower amide III/phosphate ratio.
  • A significant reduction in the carbonate/phosphate ratio was observed after initial immersion (0.5 min) in NaOCl solutions, suggesting removal of carbonate ions.
  • No further significant changes in the carbonate/phosphate ratio occurred with prolonged exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Higher NaOCl concentrations and longer exposure times lead to increased dissolution of organic matter and collagen deproteination in dentin.
  • NaOCl solutions can also affect the inorganic phase of dentin by removing carbonate ions.
  • These findings highlight the concentration and time-dependent effects of NaOCl on dentin structure.