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Emerging infections - implications for dental care.

N P Monaghan1

  • 1Consultant in Dental Public Health, Public Health Wales, Temple of Peace and Health, Cathay's Park, Cardiff, CF10 3NW.

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Emerging respiratory infections pose a global threat. Dental professionals must screen patients for recent travel to affected areas and postpone elective procedures until the infection incubation period ends to prevent transmission.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dental Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The past two decades have seen a rise in rapidly spreading global infections, predominantly respiratory in nature and transmitted via droplets.
  • Dental settings generate aerosol sprays, creating a potential pathway for the transmission of infectious agents to healthcare workers and other patients.
  • While specific emerging diseases vary, common preventive strategies can mitigate transmission risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the risk of infectious disease transmission in dental settings.
  • To inform dental professionals about necessary precautions when treating patients with potential exposure to emerging infections.
  • To recommend a policy for managing elective dental care for patients returning from affected regions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of trends in emerging infectious diseases over the last 20 years.
  • Analysis of transmission routes relevant to dental environments, particularly aerosol generation.
  • Development of screening and management protocols for dental patients.

Main Results:

  • Respiratory infections spread via droplets are a dominant trend in emerging infectious diseases.
  • Aerosol generation during dental procedures presents a significant risk for disease transmission.
  • Patient screening for travel history and awareness of infection incubation periods are crucial.

Conclusions:

  • Dental professionals need to be vigilant about emerging infections and their transmission routes.
  • Implementing patient screening protocols, including travel history and incubation periods, is essential.
  • Delaying elective dental procedures for patients returning from affected areas is a key measure to prevent outbreaks.