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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model

Published on: June 18, 2021

[Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Isolated Brainstem Death].

C Roth, A Ferbert

Fortschritte Der Neurologie-Psychiatrie

|July 9, 2016

Summary

Diagnosing brain death in Germany requires irreversible loss of all brain functions. This case highlights that isolated brainstem death necessitates additional tests for confirmation, especially with infratentorial damage.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Critical Care Medicine

Background:

Brain death determination varies globally.
German guidelines mandate irreversible loss of all brain functions (cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem).
New recommendations for brain death diagnosis are discussed based on a case report.

Observation:

A 41-year-old patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage and a posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm presented with coma and apnea.
Initial assessment showed absent brainstem reflexes.
Electroencephalography (EEG) on day 3 revealed residual cortical activity (alpha activity).

Findings:

The patient was initially diagnosed with isolated brainstem death.
The presence of residual cortical activity on EEG complicated the diagnosis.

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Brain death was confirmed the following day after an isoelectric EEG.

Implications:

Isolated brainstem death alone is insufficient for confirming death in Germany.
Primary infratentorial brain damage requires supplementary confirmatory tests for brain death diagnosis.
This case underscores the importance of comprehensive neurological assessments and adherence to specific diagnostic criteria.