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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy
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In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy

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Hypermobility and Knee Injuries.

M E Steiner

    The Physician and Sportsmedicine
    |July 13, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Knee joint hypermobility is not a major cause of most knee injuries, except for patellar dislocation. Further research into joint laxity, not just flexibility, is needed for injury prevention strategies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Sports Medicine
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • The relationship between knee joint hypermobility and knee injuries remains unclear.
    • Inherited flexibility is generally not a primary factor in most knee injuries.
    • Patellar dislocation is a notable exception, showing a strong association with hypermobility.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To clarify the role of knee joint hypermobility in knee injuries.
    • To differentiate between joint flexibility and laxity in the context of hypermobility.
    • To highlight the need for prospective research on joint laxity and injury risk.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on joint hypermobility and knee injuries.
    • Analysis of the definitions and implications of flexibility versus laxity.
    • Identification of research gaps concerning prospective studies on joint laxity.

    Main Results:

    • Inherited flexibility has a minimal role in the etiology of most knee injuries.
    • Knee joint hypermobility is significantly linked to patellar dislocation.
    • A distinction between flexibility (range of motion) and laxity (ligament stability) is crucial.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypermobility's impact on knee injury is complex and often misunderstood.
    • Focusing on joint laxity (ligament stability) may offer better insights into injury prevention than flexibility alone.
    • Prospective studies investigating the link between joint laxity and knee injury incidence are warranted.