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Cardiovascular risk and treatment for adults with intellectual or developmental disabilities

Steven R Erickson1, Patrick Spoutz2, Michael Dorsch1

  • 1University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, United States.

International Journal of Cardiology
|July 13, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease risk factors and treatments are similar for individuals with intellectual/developmental disabilities (IDDs) compared to the general population. This study found comparable risk diagnoses and prescribing patterns between groups.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Individuals with intellectual/developmental disabilities (IDDs) experience cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk comparable to the general population.
  • Understanding CVD risk factors and management in IDD populations is crucial for equitable healthcare.
  • Existing research often overlooks specific cardiovascular risk profiles within the IDD community.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, atherosclerotic cardiovascular (ASCVD) risk scores, and medication prescribing patterns.
  • To evaluate these factors in patients with IDDs versus those without IDDs.
  • To inform clinical practice and public health strategies for CVD prevention in IDD populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of adult primary care patients within a health system.
  • Comparison of an IDD group (n=78) with a general medicine (GenMed) comparison group (n=187).
  • Analysis included demographics, smoking status, cholesterol, blood pressure, CVD diagnoses, and medication use; estimated 10-year ASCVD risk was the primary outcome.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were found in the prevalence of CVD risk diagnoses, blood pressure, or cholesterol levels between the IDD and GenMed groups.
  • The estimated 10-year ASCVD risk was significantly higher in the GenMed group (p=0.02).
  • Medication prescribing patterns were similar between groups; regression analysis indicated age, gender, and race, not group assignment, were significantly associated with ASCVD risk.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular risk and related treatment in patients with IDDs are similar to the general population.
  • This suggests that current general CVD risk management strategies may be applicable to individuals with IDDs.
  • Further research could explore specific barriers or facilitators to CVD care within the IDD population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiovascular riskDevelopmental disabilitiesGeneral medicine

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