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A method for evaluation of initial tissue response to biomaterials.

A Wennberg, G Hasselgren, L Tronstad

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

|January 1, 1978

Summary

A novel implantation technique allows direct study of initial tissue reactions to biomaterials in rabbits. Silicate cement and zinc phosphate cement showed varying levels of enzyme inhibition, indicating differential tissue compatibility.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Histochemistry
Surgical Techniques

Background:

Evaluating initial tissue response to biomaterials is crucial for their clinical application.
Existing methods may be confounded by surgical trauma, affecting accurate assessment.
A refined implantation technique is needed to isolate material-specific tissue reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe a new implantation technique that minimizes surgical effects.
To assess the initial in vivo tissue reaction to silicate cement, zinc phosphate cement, and phenol solution.
To evaluate the utility of enzyme histochemical methods for quantifying these reactions.

Main Methods:

A teflon implant was placed intramuscularly in rabbits for six weeks.
The implant was removed, exposing a prepared tissue surface with indentations.
Test materials (silicate cement, zinc phosphate cement, 4% phenol) were placed in indentations for 15 minutes.
Tissue reactions were analyzed using enzyme histochemical methods, focusing on dehydrogenase activity.

Main Results:

All tested materials induced an inhibition of dehydrogenase enzyme activity in the adjacent tissue.
The width of the inhibition zone varied, indicating different severities of tissue reaction.
Silicate cement produced the widest inhibition zone, followed by zinc phosphate cement, and then phenol solution.

Conclusions:

The described implantation technique effectively eliminates surgical artifacts, enabling direct study of initial biomaterial tissue responses.
Enzyme histochemical analysis, particularly dehydrogenase activity, is a sensitive method for quantifying early tissue reactions.
The findings provide valuable data on the relative tissue compatibility of silicate cement and zinc phosphate cement, aligning with previous studies.

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