Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Synthesis of Wavelength-shifting DNA Hybridization Probes by Using Photostable Cyanine Dyes
Published on: July 6, 2016
[Synthetic, really?]
1UMR 7268 ADÉS, Aix-Marseille, Université/EFS/CNRS, Espace éthique méditerranéen, hôpital d'adultesla Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France - CoReBio PACA, case901, parc scientifique de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France.
Abstract:
The synthesis of a minimal bacterial genome comprising only 473 genes is an impressive achievement, yet it is only a step towards a really synthetic genome based on first principles: this set of genes was derived from a larger genome by successive elimination of non-essential genes, and 149 of the final 473 genes have no specific (known) biological function. It is nevertheless an important stepping stone towards fully designed minimal genomes.
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Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
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