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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System III: Percussion and Auscultation01:22

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System III: Percussion and Auscultation

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The genitourinary system maintains the body's fluid balance, waste excretion, and overall homeostasis. Proper assessment is essential for early detection of disorders, with percussion and auscultation integral to this evaluation. These methods help identify signs of kidney or bladder issues and provide important diagnostic clues.Percussion for Kidney TendernessPercussion is used to assess tenderness and detect kidney and bladder abnormalities. A common method for determining kidney tenderness...
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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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External Anatomy of the Kidney01:21

External Anatomy of the Kidney

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The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
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Renal and Perinephric Abscesses Revisited.

R S Rai1, S C Karan2, A Kayastha3

  • 1Classified Specialist (Surgery & Urology), Command Hospital (Northern Command), C/O 56 APO.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|July 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Renal and perinephric space infections are serious urological issues. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including antibiotics and surgery, are crucial for reducing the high mortality associated with these infections.

Keywords:
Emphysematous pyelonephritisPerinephric abscessRenal abscessXanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Assesses the spectrum of renal and perinephric space infections in urology patients.
  • Reviews infections over a three-year period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of renal and perinephric space infections.
  • To determine the outcomes and mortality rates associated with these infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records.
  • Analysis of patients diagnosed with renal abscess, perinephric abscess, or emphysematous pyelonephritis.

Main Results:

  • 1.2% of admitted patients had renal and perinephric space infections (29/2278).
  • Common diagnoses included renal abscess (45%), perinephric abscess (38%), and emphysematous pyelonephritis (17%).
  • Mortality rate was 14%, with conservative management (55%), percutaneous drainage (31%), and surgery (14%) used for treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Renal and perinephric space infections remain significant urological challenges with high mortality.
  • Early detection, prompt antibiotic therapy, and timely surgical intervention are vital for improving patient outcomes.
  • Maintaining a high index of suspicion is key for effective management.