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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

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Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

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Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
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Related Experiment Video

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Lateral Fluid Percussion: Model of Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
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Epidural Hematoma in Lacrosse.

R W Rimel, W E Nelson, J A Persing

    The Physician and Sportsmedicine
    |July 14, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    A lacrosse player sustained a severe head injury, including an epidural hematoma and skull fracture, after being hit by a stick. Prompt medical intervention led to a full recovery, highlighting the need for improved protective equipment in lacrosse.

    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Neurological Surgery
    • Trauma Care

    Background:

    • Lacrosse involves high-impact collisions and potential head injuries.
    • Epidural hematomas can result from head trauma, posing a significant risk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report a case of epidural hematoma in a lacrosse player.
    • To discuss the clinical presentation, management, and outcome.
    • To emphasize the need for enhanced protective gear.

    Main Methods:

    • Case report of a lacrosse player with head trauma.
    • Clinical assessment including Glasgow Coma Scale.
    • Diagnostic imaging (CT scan) to identify injury.
    • Surgical intervention (craniotomy and hematoma evacuation).

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    Main Results:

    • The player sustained an epidural hematoma and skull fracture after blunt head trauma.
    • Immediate surgical decompression resulted in a complete neurological recovery.
    • The patient was cleared to return to play six months post-injury.

    Conclusions:

    • Prompt diagnosis and surgical management are crucial for favorable outcomes in epidural hematomas.
    • This case underscores the risk of severe head injuries in lacrosse.
    • Recommendations for improved lacrosse helmet design are warranted to prevent similar incidents.