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Stokes-vector and Mueller-matrix polarimetry [Invited].

R M A Azzam

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision
    |July 14, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    This review covers instruments measuring light polarization (Stokes vector S) and its transformation (Mueller matrix M). Advances in optical polarimetry and ellipsometry have broadened scientific and technological applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Photonics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Optical polarimetry and ellipsometry are crucial for characterizing light polarization.
    • Understanding light-matter interactions requires precise polarization measurement tools.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current state of instruments for measuring Stokes vectors (S) and Mueller matrices (M).
    • To explain the operational principles of these instruments using Stokes-Mueller calculus.
    • To discuss the evolution and applications of optical polarimetry and ellipsometry.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature and instrument designs.
    • Explanation of Stokes-Mueller calculus for instrument principles.
    • Analysis of advancements in speed, automation, imaging, and spectroscopy.

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    Main Results:

    • Comprehensive overview of instruments for Stokes vector and Mueller matrix measurement.
    • Demonstration of how Stokes-Mueller calculus underpins instrument operation.
    • Highlighting the impact of technological advancements on diverse applications.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant progress in optical polarimetry and ellipsometry instruments over 50 years.
    • Broadened applications across science and technology due to instrument development.
    • Identification of current challenges and future research directions in the field.