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Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
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Multi-aperture digital coherent combining for free-space optical communication receivers.

David J Geisler, Timothy M Yarnall, Mark L Stevens

    Optics Express
    |July 14, 2016
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    Summary

    This study introduces a novel ground terminal for space-to-ground optical communication, using multiple small apertures combined digitally to create a large effective aperture. This approach enhances receiver sensitivity and reduces system costs for laser communication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical communication systems
    • Digital signal processing
    • Space technology

    Background:

    • Space-to-ground optical communication systems require reduced size, weight, and power for space terminals.
    • Large single-aperture ground terminals are effective but costly for increasing collection area.
    • Existing systems face challenges in balancing performance and cost for ground receivers.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a cost-effective ground terminal receiver architecture for space-to-ground optical communication.
    • To demonstrate an efficient method for combining multiple small apertures into a large effective aperture.
    • To maintain high receiver sensitivity while reducing the power-aperture product on space platforms.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementing coherent detection behind each small aperture.
    • Digitizing the signals from each aperture.
    • Combining digitized signals using a digital signal processing chain.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated lossless coherent combining of four laser communication signals.
    • Achieved effective aperture creation using multiple small, less-expensive apertures.
    • Maintained excellent receiver sensitivity at low power levels (below 0.1 photons/bit/aperture).

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed architecture offers a viable solution for cost-effective, high-sensitivity ground terminals in space-to-ground optical communication.
    • Digital combining of optical signals from multiple small apertures is feasible and efficient.
    • This technology can significantly reduce the power-aperture product requirements for space terminals.