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tDCS over the prefrontal cortex alters objective but not subjective encoding.

Alexandra M Gaynor1,2, Elizabeth F Chua1,2

  • 1a Department of Psychology , Brooklyn College of the City University of New York , Brooklyn , NY , USA.

Cognitive Neuroscience
|July 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is crucial for memory encoding. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the PFC impaired memory, suggesting a causal role in objective encoding but not subjective awareness.

Keywords:
encodingjudgments-of-learningmemorymetamemoryprefrontal cortextDCS

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is linked to memory encoding and awareness.
  • Understanding the PFC's causal role in memory is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal role of the PFC in associative memory encoding and subjective awareness.
  • To determine if objective and subjective aspects of memory are separable.

Main Methods:

  • Used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the PFC during a verbal associative encoding and judgment-of-learning (JOL) task.
  • Compared PFC tDCS to sham and parietal tDCS conditions.
  • Assessed associative encoding via a subsequent recognition test.

Main Results:

  • PFC tDCS significantly impaired associative encoding compared to sham and parietal tDCS.
  • No significant effects of tDCS were observed on the magnitude or accuracy of JOLs.
  • Objective memory encoding and subjective awareness appear dissociable.

Conclusions:

  • The PFC plays a causal role in objective associative memory encoding.
  • Subjective awareness of memory performance is separable from objective encoding processes.
  • tDCS is a viable tool for probing the causal role of brain regions in cognition.