Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Lymphoproliferative Diseases: Three Case Reports.

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Oncology
• Hematology

Background:

• Malignancy-associated hypercalcemia has diverse pathophysiologic mechanisms.
• Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is linked to an increased risk of various malignancies.
• The association between neoplasia and PHP is supported by clinical and epidemiological evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) associated with monoclonal gammopathy and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
• To discuss the physiopathogenic mechanisms underlying the association between PHP and malignancies.
• To highlight the importance of considering PHP when malignancy symptoms or outcomes are atypical.

Main Methods:

• Case report presentation of three patients with hypercalcemia.
• Inclusion of patients with monoclonal gammopathy and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
• Analysis of treatment outcomes, including parathyroidectomy and therapy response.

Main Results:

• Two cases of monoclonal gammopathy and one case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) associated with PHP were identified.
• Hypercalcemia resolved in two patients after parathyroidectomy.
• The third patient with CLL showed continued deterioration despite therapy, with hyperparathyroidism confirmed.

Conclusions:

• The association between PHP and certain hematologic malignancies warrants consideration.
• Atypical presentations or outcomes in PHP or malignancy may indicate an underlying association.
• Further investigation into the physiopathogenic mechanisms of this association is needed.