Shape-controllable, bottom-up fabrication of microlens using oblique angle deposition

This Letter reports a novel method for the simple fabrication of microlens arrays with a controlled shape and diameter on glass substrates. Multilayer stacks of silicon dioxide deposited by oblique angle deposition with hole mask patterns enable microlens formation. Precise control of mask height and distance, as well as oblique angle steps between deposited layers, supports the controllability of microlens geometry. The fabricated microlens arrays with designed geometry exhibit uniform optical properties.