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Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Lensless On-chip Imaging of Cells Provides a New Tool for High-throughput Cell-Biology and Medical Diagnostics

Lensless On-chip Imaging of Cells Provides a New Tool for High-throughput Cell-Biology and Medical Diagnostics

Published on: December 14, 2009

Lensless Imaging and Sensing.

Aydogan Ozcan^1,2,3, Euan McLeod⁴

¹Department of Electrical Engineering.

Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering

|July 16, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Lensless microscopy offers high-resolution imaging without lenses, enabling large fields of view and 3D capabilities. This technology is advancing biosensing, diagnostics, and cytometry through computational reconstruction.

Keywords:

3D imaging holography lab-on-chip microscopy phase recovery

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Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Lensless On-chip Imaging of Cells Provides a New Tool for High-throughput Cell-Biology and Medical Diagnostics

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Published on: December 14, 2009

Lensless Fluorescent Microscopy on a Chip

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Lensfree On-chip Tomographic Microscopy Employing Multi-angle Illumination and Pixel Super-resolution

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Published on: August 16, 2012

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Biomedical Imaging
Computational Imaging

Background:

Traditional optical microscopy relies on high-magnification objective lenses.
Lensless microscopy bypasses lenses, offering advantages like large field of view, high resolution, and 3D imaging.
Lensless techniques are cost-effective and portable, expanding microscopy accessibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To review various lensless imaging approaches.
To explore applications in biosensing, diagnostics, and cytometry.
To discuss future developments in lensless imaging and sensing.

Main Methods:

Review of lensless imaging techniques including shadow imaging, fluorescence, holography, superresolution 3D imaging, iterative phase recovery, and color imaging.
Emphasis on computational techniques for image reconstruction from digital sensor data.
Integration with physical innovations in sample preparation and fabrication.

Main Results:

Lensless imaging achieves high resolution without traditional lenses.
Diverse computational methods enable image reconstruction.
Successful application in imaging and sensing of cells, viruses, nanoparticles, and biomolecules.

Conclusions:

Lensless microscopy provides a powerful alternative to conventional methods.
Computational reconstruction is key to realizing the potential of lensless imaging.
Future developments promise enhanced capabilities in biological and nanoscale sensing.