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Related Experiment Videos

Experimental selenium toxicity in guinea pigs: biochemical studies.

P M Das1, J R Sadana, R K Gupta

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathology, Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India.

Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Selenium toxicity from both organic and inorganic sources in guinea pigs significantly lowered blood glucose and serum proteins. Erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase activity increased, with inorganic selenium showing a more pronounced effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Animal Nutrition

Background:

  • Selenium is an essential trace element, but excessive intake (selenosis) can lead to toxicity.
  • Both organic and inorganic selenium compounds can cause toxicity, with differing metabolic pathways and effects.
  • Guinea pigs are a suitable model for studying nutritional and toxicological effects due to their physiological similarities to humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biochemical effects of experimentally induced selenium toxicity in guinea pigs.
  • To compare the toxicity of organic (selenium-enriched barley) and inorganic (sodium selenite) selenium forms.
  • To assess the impact of co-administering sodium arsenite on selenium toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally induced selenium toxicity in weaned guinea pigs using selenium-enriched barley and sodium selenite.

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  • Biochemical analysis of blood glucose, total serum proteins, SGOT, SGPT, and erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase activity.
  • Comparison of biochemical parameters between control groups and selenium-exposed groups, including those co-treated with sodium arsenite.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant decreases in blood glucose and total serum proteins were observed in guinea pigs fed both organic and inorganic selenium.
    • Erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly elevated, more so in the inorganic selenium group.
    • SGOT activity was lower, while SGPT activity showed no significant alteration.
    • Co-administration of sodium arsenite with sodium selenite mitigated the observed biochemical alterations.

    Conclusions:

    • Both organic and inorganic selenium forms induce toxicity in guinea pigs, affecting glucose and protein metabolism.
    • Inorganic selenium appears to induce a stronger response in erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase activity compared to organic selenium.
    • Arsenite co-administration can modulate the biochemical impact of selenium toxicity, suggesting potential interactions in toxicological pathways.