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[Thromboembolic complications in children]
Insights
Thromboembolic complications (TEC) were found in 6.68% of children who died from infections or malformations, often involving the vena cava. Diagnosis during life is challenging, impacting patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric pathology
- Cardiovascular pathology
- Thrombosis research
Context:
- Analysis of 2093 pediatric autopsies (0-14 years).
- Focus on thromboembolic complications (TEC) in relation to causes of death.
- Identified common sites and causes of thrombosis in children.
Purpose:
- To analyze the incidence and characteristics of TEC in deceased children.
- To classify TEC based on their contribution to mortality.
- To evaluate the diagnostic challenges of TEC in pediatric cases.
Summary:
- TEC detected in 6.68% of pediatric deaths from infections, inflammation, or malformations.
- Superior vena cava and umbilicalis thromboses were predominant, often linked to catheterization or phlebitis.
- Thromboembolism, primarily in the pulmonary artery, occurred in 29.28% of thromboses.
- TEC were categorized by their role in mortality: main cause, contributing cause, or insignificant.
- Life-time diagnosis of TEC was found to be insufficient.
Impact:
- Highlights the significant role of TEC in pediatric mortality.
- Underscores the need for improved diagnostic strategies for TEC in children.
- Provides critical data for understanding pediatric thrombotic events and their management.
Abstract:
An analysis was made of 2093 autopsies of children aged 0-14 years. Thromboembolic complications (TEC) were detected in 6.68% of the victims who had died from acute infections, chronic inflammatory diseases, congenital malformations. Thromboses of venae cava superior and umbilicalis were found to predominate in the children. Thrombogenesis was due to the damage to the venous wall during catheterization and to phlebitis. Thrombi of cardiac cavities and arteries occur rarely and develop in heart disease and arteritis and after correction of congenital heart disease. Thromboembolism occurred in 29.28% of thrombosis largely in the pulmonary artery. According to the contribution to the thanatogenesis, 3 groups of TEC were classified as (1) the main cause of death; (2) one of the causes of death; (3) being insignificant in the outcome of the disease. The life-time diagnosis of TEC is insufficient.