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¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Published on: July 21, 2018

Edge Mode Coupling within a Plasmonic Nanoparticle.

Franz-Philipp Schmidt^1,2, Harald Ditlbacher¹, Andreas Hohenau¹

¹Institute of Physics, University of Graz , 8010 Graz, Austria.

|July 19, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Coupling plasmonic nanoparticles modifies optical properties. Edge coupling in a single rectangular particle creates distinct bonding and antibonding modes, aiding plasmonic design.

Keywords:

Plasmonics electron energy loss spectroscopy nanoparticles transmission electron microscopy

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Area of Science:

Plasmonics
Nanophotonics
Materials Science

Background:

Coupling of plasmonic nanoparticles significantly alters their optical properties.
Understanding these modifications is crucial for designing advanced optical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the optical properties arising from the coupling of edges within a single rectangular plasmonic nanoparticle.
To demonstrate the formation of bonding and antibonding edge modes due to this internal coupling.

Main Methods:

Utilizing high spatial resolution electron microscopy-based electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).
Performing numerical simulations for comparison and mode assignment.
Analyzing the spectral features resulting from edge coupling.

Main Results:

Observed mode splitting in the optical spectra due to edge coupling.
Identified and designated distinct bonding and antibonding edge modes.
Confirmed the role of internal edge coupling in dictating plasmonic behavior.

Conclusions:

Internal edge coupling within a single rectangular plasmonic nanoparticle leads to predictable mode splitting.
Electron energy loss spectroscopy and numerical simulations are effective tools for characterizing these plasmonic modes.
Provides practical guidelines for interpreting and designing plasmonic mode spectra for tailored optical responses.