Dietary Intake Is Related to Multifactor Cardiovascular Risk Score in Obese Boys

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) originates in childhood and early identification of risk factors provides an early intervention opportunity. The aim was to identify children at higher risk using a CVD risk score, developed from factors known to cluster in childhood. Risk was scored as very high (≥97.5th centile), high (≥95th), moderate (≥90th) or threshold (<90th) using normal pediatric reference ranges for 10 common biomedical risk factors. These were summed in a multifactor CVD risk score and applied to a sample of 285 observations from 136 overweight Australian children (41% male, aged 7-12 years). Strength of associations between CVD risk score and individual biomedical and dietary variables were assessed using univariate logistic regression. High waist circumference (Odds Ratio: 5.48 [95% CI: 2.60-11.55]), body mass index (OR: 3.22 [1.98-5.26]), serum insulin (OR: 3.37 [2.56-4.42]) and triglycerides (OR: 3.02 [2.22-4.12]) were all significantly related to CVD risk score. High intakes of total fat (OR: 4.44 [1.19-16.60]), sugar (OR: 2.82 [1.54-5.15]) and carbohydrate (OR 1.75 [1.11-2.77]) were significantly related to CVD risk score in boys only. This multifactor CVD risk score could be a useful tool for researchers to identify elevated risk in children. Further research is warranted to examine sex-specific dietary factors related to CVD risk in children.