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Fiber Bragg Grating based bite force measurement.

Sharath Umesh1, Srivani Padma2, Sundarrajan Asokan1

  • 1Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.

Journal of Biomechanics
|July 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary
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A new Fiber Bragg Grating Bite Force Recorder (FBGBFR) accurately measures individual tooth bite force in vivo. This device reveals bite forces increase towards molars and are higher in males, offering insights into masticatory system function.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Biomechanics
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Bite force is a key indicator of masticatory system function.
  • Accurate measurement of individual tooth bite force is crucial for understanding oral biomechanics.
  • Existing methods may lack the precision or in vivo applicability needed for dynamic bite force analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel in vivo methodology for dynamic measurement of individual tooth bite force.
  • To develop and validate a Fiber Bragg Grating Bite Force Recorder (FBGBFR) for intra-oral application.
  • To assess bite force distribution across the dental arch and its variation between sexes.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an intra-oral Fiber Bragg Grating Bite Force Recorder (FBGBFR) to convert occlusal force into strain variations.
Keywords:
Bite force measurementFiber Bragg Grating sensorIndividual bite force

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  • Calibration of the FBGBFR against a Micro Universal Testing Machine (UTM) for a 0-900N range, achieving a resolution of 0.54N.
  • In vivo testing with 36 volunteers (20 males, 16 females) measuring bite force at molar, premolar, and incisor teeth.

    • Main Results:

    • The calibrated FBGBFR demonstrated a resolution of 0.54N.
    • Clinically relevant bite forces ranged from 176N to 635N across the tested participants.
    • Bite forces increased along the dental arch from incisors to molars and were significantly higher in males compared to females.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed FBGBFR provides a safe, electrically passive, and viable tool for in vivo intra-oral bite force measurement.
    • The study provides valuable data on bite force distribution and sexual dimorphism in a substantial sample size.
    • The FBGBFR is suitable for clinical studies investigating the biomechanics of oral function and masticatory system health.