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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
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Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices01:28

Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

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Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
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Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

3.6K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

2.3K
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems

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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
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Vegetable Oil-Loaded Nanocapsules: Innovative Alternative for Incorporating Drugs for Parenteral Administration.

C G Venturinil, A Bruinsmann, C P Oliveira

    Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
    |July 20, 2016
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    Summary

    New nanocapsules using vegetable oils show potential for drug delivery. Jojoba oil nanocapsules are most promising due to small size and homogeneity, demonstrating hemocompatibility for parenteral administration.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
    • Drug Delivery Systems
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Development of novel nanocarriers is crucial for effective parenteral drug administration.
    • Vegetable oils offer potential as safe and biocompatible components for nanocapsule formulations.
    • Understanding the impact of oil composition on nanocarrier properties is essential for optimizing drug delivery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize nanocapsules formulated with various vegetable oils for parenteral administration.
    • To evaluate the effect of different vegetable oils on particle size, physical stability, and hemocompatibility.
    • To identify the most suitable vegetable oil-based nanocapsule formulation for intravenous applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Nanocapsules were prepared using interfacial deposition with vegetable oils (mango, jojoba, pequi, oat, annatto, calendula, chamomile).
    • Particle size distribution was analyzed using Laser Diffraction, Dynamic Light Scattering, Multiple Light Scattering, and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis.
    • Physical stability was assessed over 30 days, and hemocompatibility was determined via hemolysis testing.

    Main Results:

    • All nanocapsules exhibited mean particle sizes below 300 nm, with some techniques indicating sizes around 130 nm.
    • Stability studies showed creaming or sedimentation tendencies but no significant size changes over 30 days.
    • All tested nanocapsules demonstrated hemocompatibility, indicating safety for intravenous administration.

    Conclusions:

    • Vegetable oil-based nanocapsules are suitable for parenteral administration.
    • Jojoba oil nanocapsules were identified as the most promising formulation due to optimal particle size and homogeneity.
    • The developed nanosystems offer a versatile platform for encapsulating various drugs for intravenous delivery.