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Place and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

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Neighborhood disorder increases trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk. Conversely, social cohesion may protect against PTSD and aid remission, highlighting the importance of community context in traumatic stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Environmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Traumatic stress research traditionally emphasizes individual risk factors.
  • Understanding neighborhood context is crucial for a comprehensive view of risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between neighborhood disorder and social cohesion with trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of an epidemiological catchment area survey (N = 2,433).
  • Examined perceived neighborhood disorder and social cohesion as predictors.
  • Assessed trauma exposure and PTSD diagnostic status (past-year PTSD, remitted).

Main Results:

  • Neighborhood disorder correlated with increased trauma exposure (AOR=1.21).
  • For trauma-exposed individuals, neighborhood disorder increased odds of lifetime PTSD (AOR=1.38).
  • Social cohesion was linked to lower odds of past-year PTSD (AOR=0.64) and higher odds of PTSD remission (AOR=2.59).

Conclusions:

  • Environmental contexts significantly influence PTSD development and progression.
  • Integrating individual and contextual factors offers a more complete understanding of traumatic stress outcomes.