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Rare transmission mode of FSME (tick-borne encephalitis) by goat's milk
W Sixl1, D Stünzner, H Withalm
1Institute of Hygiene, University of Graz, Austria.
Abstract:
An infection presumed to have been transmitted by raw cow's milk was reported in Southern Styria (Remschnig locality), furthermore an FSME infection was demonstrated in two patients as having been transmitted by raw goat's milk. Both patients (an elderly couple) had no left their house or garden and had nourished themselves mainly with goat's milk. Neither patient had evidence of tick bites. The goats were severely parasitized with Ixodes ricinus; the place of dwelling lies in an FSME-natural foci region.
Insights
Raw milk can transmit infections, including tick-borne encephalitis (FSME) via goat milk. This study investigated two cases in Southern Styria, highlighting potential risks associated with consuming unpasteurized dairy products.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Raw milk consumption is a potential route for pathogen transmission.
- Encephalitis can be transmitted through animal products in endemic regions.
- Ixodes ricinus ticks are vectors for several pathogens, including the FSME virus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate potential transmission routes of infections, including FSME, through raw milk.
- To identify risk factors associated with raw milk consumption in an FSME-endemic area.
- To report on two cases of suspected raw milk-borne FSME infection.
Main Methods:
- Case investigation of two patients with suspected raw milk-borne infections.
- Epidemiological data collection on patient's diet and exposure.
- Assessment of tick infestation in the animals providing the raw milk.
Main Results:
- Two patients in Southern Styria contracted FSME infection, presumed to be from raw goat's milk.
- Patients had no history of tick bites and consumed goat milk as a primary food source.
- Goats were heavily infested with Ixodes ricinus, and the location is an FSME-endemic region.
Conclusions:
- Raw goat's milk can be a vehicle for FSME virus transmission.
- Consumption of raw milk, especially from tick-infested animals in endemic areas, poses a significant health risk.
- Public health awareness regarding the dangers of raw milk consumption is crucial.