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Negative Health Comparisons Decrease Affective and Cognitive Well-Being in Older Adults. Evidence from a

André Hajek1, Hans-Helmut König1

  • 1Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg, Germany.

Frontiers in Psychology
|July 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Negative health comparisons significantly decrease cognitive well-being (CWB) and increase negative affects in women. Avoiding upward health comparisons may enhance well-being in older adults.

Keywords:
PANASSWLSasymmetric effecthealth comparisonlife satisfactionnegative affectpositive affectsubjective well-being

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Social Psychology
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Health comparisons are common among older adults.
  • Understanding their impact on well-being is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Longitudinal data provides robust insights into these relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally examine how health comparisons influence affective well-being (AWB) and cognitive well-being (CWB) in older adults.
  • To differentiate the effects of positive versus negative health comparisons.
  • To identify specific impacts on different aspects of well-being and demographic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the German Ageing Survey (DEAS), a population-based prospective cohort study.
  • Employed fixed effects regressions with 8,277 observations from community-dwelling individuals aged 40+.
  • Assessed health comparisons via self-rated questions and measured AWB (PANAS) and CWB (SWLS).

Main Results:

  • Negative health comparisons significantly decreased CWB in the total sample and women.
  • Negative health comparisons also increased negative affects specifically in women.
  • Positive health comparisons showed a slight increase in CWB for the total sample, with no effect on positive affects.

Conclusions:

  • Negative health comparisons have a substantial detrimental impact on CWB and negative affects, particularly in women.
  • Health comparison effects are asymmetric, often favoring upward comparisons.
  • Interventions aimed at mitigating upward health comparisons could be beneficial for maintaining older adults' well-being.