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The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...
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Sample Preparation for Electron Probe Microanalysis-Pushing the Limits.

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High Count Rate Electron Probe Microanalysis.

Joseph D Geller1, Charles Herrington1

  • 1Geller MicroAnalytical Laboratory, Topsfield, MA 01983.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
|July 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reducing measurement uncertainty in electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) involves optimizing x-ray detection. This study explores digital electronics to improve x-ray counting rates and reduce analysis time for more precise quantitative results.

Keywords:
EPMAGFPCXePCelectron probe microanalysisgas flow proportional detectorpulse pile-up rejectionsealed proportional counterx rayx-ray detectors

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physics

Background:

  • Quantitative analysis using electron probe microanalyzers (EPMA) relies on accurate measurement of emitted x-rays.
  • Uncertainty in EPMA results stems from various steps, including x-ray detection and subsequent data processing.
  • Current methods using analog electronics have limitations in counting rates and analysis time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of digital electronics for x-ray detection in EPMA.
  • To assess the impact of digital electronics on reducing measurement uncertainty and analysis time.
  • To compare digital electronics with traditional analog systems for x-ray counting.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of x-ray collection and counting in gas flow or sealed proportional detectors.
  • Application of Poisson statistics to represent uncertainty in collected x-ray counts.
  • Exploration of digital electronics, analogous to those used in energy dispersive x-ray analysis, for signal amplification and discrimination.

Main Results:

  • Increased x-ray counts reduce uncertainty, following Poisson statistics.
  • Higher counting rates can be achieved with digital electronics, potentially decreasing analysis time.
  • Digital electronics offer an alternative to analog systems with smaller shaping time constants.

Conclusions:

  • Digital electronics present a viable method for improving x-ray detection efficiency in EPMA.
  • Implementing digital electronics can lead to reduced measurement uncertainty and faster quantitative analyses.
  • This advancement has the potential to enhance the precision and practicality of EPMA.