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Mouse Transient Global Ischemia Two-Vessel Occlusion Model.

Fabrizio Pontarelli1, Dimitry Ofengeim1, R Suzanne Zukin1

  • 1Neuroscience Department, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Bio-Protocol
|July 23, 2016
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Summary

Transient global ischemia, mimicking cardiac arrest brain injury, causes delayed neuronal death. A new two-vessel occlusion mouse model offers a simpler method for studying this critical condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ischemic Stroke Research
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Transient global ischemia in rodents causes delayed neuronal death in vulnerable brain regions, including the hippocampus, striatum, neocortex, and cerebellum.
  • This model simulates human cardiac arrest-induced brain injury, distinct from focal ischemia models of stroke.
  • Key early events involve caspase activation, Bcl-2 family protein cleavage, and mitochondrial channel activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt and develop a simple protocol for inducing transient global ischemia in mice.
  • To evaluate the two-vessel occlusion (2VO) model as an alternative to the traditional four-vessel occlusion (4VO) model in rats.
  • To provide a reproducible method for studying ischemia-induced neuronal death in genetically engineered mice.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-vessel occlusion (2VO) model in mice for transient global ischemia induction.
  • Compared the 2VO model's advantages (ease of procedure, single surgery day) and disadvantages (higher morbidity, variability) to the traditional four-vessel occlusion (4VO) model.
  • Emphasized the necessity of larger animal cohorts due to model variability.

Main Results:

  • The 2VO model offers a simpler surgical approach compared to the 4VO model.
  • Genetically modified mice, such as those with caspase-resistant Bcl-xL, show reduced vulnerability to ischemia.
  • The 2VO model, despite higher variability, is suitable for studying ischemia-induced neuronal death, particularly with transgenic animal lines.

Conclusions:

  • The two-vessel occlusion model is a viable and simpler method for inducing transient global ischemia in mice.
  • This model facilitates research into the mechanisms of delayed neuronal death following global ischemia, relevant to cardiac arrest scenarios.
  • Further research utilizing this model can leverage genetically engineered mice to explore neuroprotective strategies against ischemic brain injury.