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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Ultrafast science
  • X-ray science

Background:

  • X-ray diffractive imaging uses coherent X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses for ultrafast snapshots.
  • Understanding dynamic processes in materials requires sensitive imaging techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the disappearance of single-shot charge and magnetic diffraction patterns.
  • To explore the sensitivity of XFEL diffraction to stimulated elastic x-ray forward scattering.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resonantly tuned, narrow bandwidth XFEL pulses.
  • Recorded single-shot charge and magnetic diffraction patterns from a magnetic film.
  • Measured the loss in diffraction contrast over 3 orders of magnitude.

Main Results:

  • Observed the complete disappearance of single-shot charge and magnetic diffraction patterns.
  • Demonstrated the exquisite sensitivity of diffraction patterns to field-induced stimulated elastic x-ray forward scattering.
  • Achieved quantitative agreement between experimental results and extended theoretical models.

Conclusions:

  • Stimulated elastic x-ray forward scattering can dramatically reduce diffraction contrast.
  • XFEL imaging is highly sensitive to dynamic scattering phenomena.
  • The findings advance the understanding of X-ray matter interactions in ultrafast imaging.