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Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs
Published on: December 24, 2015
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Senescence in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Functional Changes and Implications in Stem Cell-Based Therapy.
Valentina Turinetto1, Emanuela Vitale2, Claudia Giachino3
1Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy. valentina.turinetto@unito.it.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 23, 2016
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can become senescent during expansion, impairing their therapeutic potential. This review examines senescent MSC characteristics and strategies to prevent this aging in vitro.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative Medicine
- Cell Biology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are crucial for regenerative medicine, particularly for aging-associated diseases.
- Extensive ex vivo expansion is required for MSC-based therapies, but can lead to cellular senescence.
- Senescence in MSCs (stemness) may compromise their therapeutic efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the phenotypic and functional changes in senescent human MSCs (hMSCs).
- To discuss the impact of senescence on hMSC differentiation, migration, and immunomodulation.
- To present strategies for monitoring and preventing in vitro hMSC senescence.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on MSC senescence.
- Analysis of phenotypic characteristics of senescent hMSCs.
- Evaluation of functional alterations in senescent hMSCs.
- Review of methods for senescence monitoring and prevention in vitro.
Main Results:
- Senescent hMSCs exhibit reduced differentiation potential due to oxidative stress and regulatory factor dysregulation.
- Impaired migration and homing abilities are observed in senescent hMSCs.
- Secretome of senescent hMSCs can worsen inflammation and promote cancer cell growth.
- Strategies for in vitro senescence monitoring and prevention are critically presented.
Conclusions:
- MSC senescence poses a significant challenge for cell-based therapies.
- Monitoring and preventing in vitro senescence are vital for effective MSC therapeutics.
- Understanding senescence mechanisms is key to preserving functional stem cell pools for regenerative medicine.
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