Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome: A Report on Three Cases

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Vascular Neurology
• Neurocritical Care

Background:

• Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by thunderclap headaches and segmental cerebral artery vasospasm.
• RCVS can lead to severe complications such as ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, contributing to morbidity and mortality.
• Accurate diagnosis of RCVS is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis and ensure appropriate management.

Observation:

• This report details a case series of three patients diagnosed with RCVS in Thailand.
• Two cases presented with notable precipitating factors that may have triggered the syndrome.
• Two patients exhibited an atypical, delayed clinical progression, diverging from typical RCVS presentations.

Findings:

• The case series expands the understanding of RCVS in Thailand, where it is reportedly underdiagnosed.
• The identified precipitating factors and delayed clinical courses offer new insights into RCVS pathophysiology and presentation.
• This series underscores the variability in RCVS clinical manifestation and etiology.

Implications:

• Increased clinical awareness of RCVS is necessary, particularly in regions with limited reported cases like Thailand.
• Recognizing unusual presentations and potential triggers can improve early detection and treatment of RCVS.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the full spectrum of RCVS and its epidemiological distribution.