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Semiconductor plasmonic nanolasers: current status and perspectives.

Shangjr Gwo1, Chih-Kang Shih

  • 1Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan.

Reports on Progress in Physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)
|July 27, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasmonic nanolasers using metal-insulator-semiconductor structures achieve sub-diffraction lasing, enabling compact, efficient coherent light sources. This breakthrough overcomes previous size limitations for semiconductor lasers.

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Conventional semiconductor lasers are limited by the diffraction limit, restricting miniaturization.
  • Surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (spaser)-based plasmonic nanolasers offer a route to overcome these limitations.
  • Metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) nanostructures have shown potential for sub-diffraction limit lasing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of plasmonic nanolasers utilizing MIS configurations and related metal-cladded semiconductor microlasers.
  • To highlight the development of all-color, single-mode nanolasers across the visible spectrum with ultralow thresholds.
  • To discuss the challenges and opportunities in the field of sub-diffraction plasmonic nanolasers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing composition-varied indium gallium nitride/gallium nitride core-shell nanorods.
  • Employing plasmonic cavities based on MIS nanostructures.
  • Investigating epitaxial silver films and giant colloidal silver crystals for plasmonic cavities.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of all-color, single-mode nanolasers spanning the full visible wavelength range.
  • Achieved ultralow continuous-wave (CW) lasing thresholds.
  • Lasing action in sub-diffraction plasmonic cavities via an auto-tuning mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • MIS plasmonic nanolasers successfully break the diffraction limit in all three dimensions.
  • Indium gallium nitride/gallium nitride core-shell nanorods are effective for broadband, low-threshold nanolasers.
  • Silver-based plasmonic materials are superior due to low losses in visible and NIR regions.